Kushandiswa kwecaustic soda kunosanganisira minda yakawanda.

Caustic soda inogona kukamurwa kuita flake soda, granular soda uye yakasimba soda zvichienderana nechimiro chayo. Kushandiswa kwecaustic soda kunosanganisira minda yakawanda, inotevera sumo yakadzama kwauri:

1. Peturu yakanatswa.

Mushure mekugezwa ne sulfuric acid, zvigadzirwa zvepetroleum zvichine zvimwe zvine acidic, izvo zvinofanirwa kugezwa nesodium hydroxide solution uye wozogezwa nemvura kuti uwane zvigadzirwa zvakanatswa.

2.kudhinda nekudhaya

Inonyanya kushandiswa mu indigo dhayi uye quinone dhayi. Mukugadzira dhayi kwedhayi, caustic soda mhinduro uye sodium hydrosulfite inofanira kushandiswa kudzikisira kuita leuco acid, uye oxidized kune yekutanga insoluble mamiriro ane oxidants mushure mekudhaya.

Mushure mekunge jira rekotoni rabatwa necaustic soda solution, wakisi, girizi, sitachi uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakafukidzwa pajira redonje zvinogona kubviswa, uye panguva imwecheteyo, kupenya kwe mercerized kwejira kunogona kuwedzerwa kuita kuti kudhaya kuve kwakafanana. .

3. Textile fiber

1). Textile

Machira edonje nerineni anobatwa neconcentrated sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) mhinduro yekuvandudza faibha zvinhu. Faibha dzakagadzirwa nevanhu dzakadai serayon, rayon, rayon, zvichingodaro, dzinenge dziri mafizikisi eviscose. Iwo anogadzirwa ne cellulose (senge pulp), sodium hydroxide, uye kabhoni disulfide (CS2) seyakagadzirwa kugadzira viscose fluid, iyo inopfapfaidzwa, inogadzirwa ne condensation.

2). Viscose fiber

Chekutanga, shandisa 18-20% caustic pasoda mhinduro kuti impregnate cellulose kuti ive alkali cellulose, wozoomesa uye kupwanya alkali cellulose, wedzera kabhoni disulfide, uye pakupedzisira nyungudutsa sulfonate ne dilute lye kuwana viscose . Mushure mekusefa uye vacuuming (kubvisa mabhuru emhepo), inogona kushandiswa kutenderera.

4. Kugadzira mapepa

Zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira mapepa ndeyehuni kana uswa zvinomera, izvo zvine huwandu hwakawanda hweisina cellulose (lignin, gum, nezvimwewo) kuwedzera kune cellulose. Sodium hydroxide inoshandiswa pakushongedza, uye chete kana lignin muhuni yabviswa inogona kuwanikwa fiber. Izvo zvisiri-cellulose zvikamu zvinogona kunyungudutswa uye kuparadzaniswa nekuwedzera dilute sodium hydroxide solution, kuitira kuti pulp ine cellulose sechinhu chikuru chinogona kuwanikwa.

5. Kuvandudza ivhu neraimu.

Muvhu, mamiriro ekunze emaminerari anogonawo kugadzira maasidhi nekuda kwekuumbwa kweasidhi yeorganic sezvo organic matter inoora. Pamusoro pezvo, kushandiswa kwefetereza isina kusimba yakaita seammonium sulfate neammonium chloride kuchaitawo kuti ivhu riite acid. Kuisa rame rakakodzera kunogona kuderedza zvinhu zvine acidic muvhu, zvichiita kuti ivhu rikodzere kukura kwembesa uye kukurudzira kuberekana kweutachiona. Kuwedzera kweCa2 + muvhu kunogona kukurudzira kubatanidzwa kwevhu colloids, iyo inobatsira pakuumbwa kwezvikwata, uye panguva imwechete inogona kupa calcium inodiwa pakukura kwemiti.

6. Chemical industry uye makemikari reagents.

Muindasitiri yemakemikari, caustic soda inoshandiswa kugadzira sodium simbi uye electrolyzing mvura. Caustic soda kana soda ash inoshandiswa mukugadzira yakawanda inorganic salts, kunyanya mukugadzirwa kweimwe sodium munyu (senge borax, sodium silicate, sodium phosphate, sodium dichromate, sodium sulfite, nezvimwewo). Caustic soda kana soda ash inoshandiswawo mukugadzirwa kwedhayi, zvinodhaka uye organic intermediates.

7. rabha, dehwe

1). Precipitated silica

Kutanga: gadzira girazi remvura (Na2O.mSO2) nekuita sodium hydroxide ne quartz ore (SiO2)

Chechipiri: react water glass ne sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, uye carbon dioxide kuti ibudise chena kabhoni dema (silicon dioxide)

Iyo silica yataurwa pano ndiyo yakanakisa yekusimbisa mumiriri werabha rechisikigo uye rekugadzira rabha

2). Kudzokororwa kwekare rabha

Mukudzokorodza kwerabha rekare, hupfu hwerabha hunogadzikiswa nesodium hydroxide solution, yozogadziriswa.

3). Leather

Tannery: nzira yekudzokorodza yetannery tsvina yemadota emvura, kune rumwe rutivi, pakati pematanho maviri e sodium sulfide aqueous solution soaking treatment uye kuwedzera lime poda inonyorovesa kurapwa mune iripo yekuwedzera maitiro, kushandiswa kwehuremu hwetare kunowedzerwa ne0.3-0.5. % Iyo 30% sodium hydroxide mhinduro yekurapa nhanho inoita kuti fiber yedehwe iwedzere zvizere, inosangana nezvinodiwa nemaitiro, uye inovandudza kunaka kwehafu-yapera chigadzirwa.

8. metallurgy, electroplating

Muindasitiri yemetallurgical, zvinowanzodikanwa kushandura zvinhu zvinoshanda muore kuita soluble sodium munyu kuitira kubvisa tsvina isinganyungudika. Nokudaro, zvinowanzodiwa kuwedzera soda ash (iriwo flux), uye dzimwe nguva caustic soda inoshandiswawo.

9.zvimwe zvebasa

1). Pane mabasa maviri eceramic caustic soda mukugadzirwa kweceramics. Chekutanga, caustic soda inoshandiswa seyakanyorovesa mukupfuta kweceramics. Chechipiri, pamusoro pemakeramiki anopfurwa ichave yakakwenya kana yakaoma kwazvo. Ichenese necaustic soda solution Pakupedzisira, ita kuti iyo ceramic surface iwedzere kutsvedzerera.

2). Muindasitiri yezviridzwa, inoshandiswa se acid neutralizer, decolorizer uye deodorizer. Indasitiri yekunamatira inoshandiswa se starch gelatinizer uye neutralizer. Inogona kushandiswa seyakachena mumiriri, decolorizing agent uye deodorizing agent ye citrus, peach, nezvimwe.