Caustic soda inogona kukamurwa kuita flake soda, granular soda uye solid soda zvichienderana nechimiro chayo. Kushandiswa kwecaustic soda kunosanganisira minda yakawanda, zvinotevera ndizvo zvinokusuma zvakadzama:
1. Peturu yakacheneswa.
Mushure mekugezwa nesulfuric acid, zvigadzirwa zvepeturu zvichiri ne acidic, izvo zvinofanirwa kugezwa ne sodium hydroxide solution uye zvozogezwa nemvura kuti zvigadzirwe zvakanatswa.
2. kudhinda nekudhaya
Inonyanya kushandiswa mumadhayi e indigo ne quinone. Mukuita kwekudhaya madhayi e vat, caustic soda solution ne sodium hydrosulfite zvinofanira kushandiswa kudzideredza kuita leuco acid, uye dzozooxidized kusvika pakuva isinganyungudike yekutanga nema oxidants mushure mekudhaya.
Mushure mekunge jira redonje ragadziriswa nemushonga we caustic soda, wakisi, mafuta, starch nezvimwe zvinhu zvakafukidzwa nejira redonje zvinogona kubviswa, uye panguva imwe chete, kupenya kwejira kunogona kuwedzerwa kuti dhayi rive rakafanana.
3. Faibha yejira
1). Machira
Machira edonje nerineni anoiswa mushonga we sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) kuti awedzere kunaka kwefiber. Fiber dzakagadzirwa nevanhu dzakadai se rayon, rayon, rayon, nezvimwewo, kazhinji ifiber dze viscose. Dzakagadzirwa ne cellulose (yakadai se pulp), sodium hydroxide, uye carbon disulfide (CS2) sezvinhu zvekugadzira viscose liquid, iyo inopfapfaidzwa, inogadzirwa nekunyoroveswa.
2). Faibha yeViscose
Kutanga, shandisa 18-20% caustic soda solution kuti unyike cellulose kuti iite alkali cellulose, wozoomesa wopwanya alkali cellulose, woisa carbon disulfide, wozopedzisira wanyungudutsa sulfonate ne dilute lye kuti uwane viscose. Mushure mekusefa nekupukuta (kubvisa mabubbles emhepo), inogona kushandiswa pakutenderera.
4. Kugadzira mapepa
Zvinhu zvekugadzira mapepa zvirimwa zvehuni kana zveuswa, zvine huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvisina cellulose (lignin, chingamu, nezvimwewo) pamwe ne cellulose. Sodium hydroxide inoshandiswa pakuchenesa, uye kana lignin iri muhuni yabviswa ndipo panowanikwa fibers. Zvinhu zvisiri zve cellulose zvinogona kunyungudutswa nekupatsanurwa nekuwedzera sodium hydroxide solution, kuitira kuti pulp ine cellulose ive chinhu chikuru chigone kuwanikwa.
5. Gadzirai ivhu neraimu.
Muvhu, kukanganiswa kwezvicherwa kunogonawo kugadzira maasidhi nekuda kwekuumbwa kwema organic acids sezvo organic matter ichiora. Pamusoro pezvo, kushandiswa kwema inorganic fetereza akadai se ammonium sulfate ne ammonium chloride kuchaitawo kuti ivhu rive ne acidic. Kushandisa huwandu hwakakodzera hwe lime kunogona kuderedza acidity yezvinhu zviri muvhu, zvichiita kuti ivhu rikwanise kukura kwezvirimwa uye kukurudzira kuberekana kwezvipembenene. Kuwedzera kweCa2+ muvhu kunogona kukurudzira kuonda kwe ivhu, izvo zvinobatsira pakuumbwa kwema aggregates, uye panguva imwe chete kunogona kupa calcium inodiwa kuti zvirimwa zvikure.
6. Maindasitiri emakemikari uye ma reagents emakemikari.
Muindasitiri yemakemikari, soda inoshandiswa kugadzira sodium metal uye mvura inoshandisa electrolyzing. Soda inoshandiswa mukugadzira munyu we inorganic, kunyanya mukugadzira munyu we sodium (wakadai se borax, sodium silicate, sodium phosphate, sodium dichromate, sodium sulfite, nezvimwewo). Soda inoshandiswawo mukugadzira madhayi, mishonga uye organic intermediates.
7. rabha, dehwe
1). Silica yakanyorova
Chekutanga: gadzira girazi remvura (Na2O.mSO2) nekushandisa sodium hydroxide ne quartz ore (SiO2)
Chechipiri: girazi remvura rinoita rema "react" ne "sulfuric acid", "hydrochloric acid", uye "carbon dioxide" kuti ribudise "precipitated" kabhoni chena dema (silicon dioxide)
Silica yataurwa pano ndiyo inonyanya kusimbisa rabha yechisikigo uye rabha yekugadzira.
2). Kudzokorodza rabha yekare
Mukushandiswazve kwerabha yekare, upfu hwerabha hunogadziriswa ne sodium hydroxide solution, uye hunobva hwagadziriswa.
3). Dehwe
Kugadzira ganda: nzira yekudzokorodza mvura yetsvina yeganda, kune rumwe rutivi, pakati pematanho maviri ekurapa kwekunyikisa sodium sulfide mumvura uye kuwedzera mushonga wekunyikisa lime powder mukuwedzera kuripo, kushandiswa kwehuremu hwetare kunowedzerwa ne0.3-0.5% Danho rekurapa sodium hydroxide solution ye30% rinoita kuti dehwe rikure zvizere, rinosangana nezvinodiwa zvemaitiro, uye rinovandudza mhando yechigadzirwa chakapedzwa.
8. kugadzira simbi, electroplating
Muindasitiri yesimbi, zvinowanzo fanirwa kushandura zvinhu zvinoshanda mumatombo kuita sodium salts inonyungudika kuitira kubvisa tsvina isinganyungudike. Nokudaro, zvinowanzo dikanwa kuwedzera soda ash (inongovawo flux), uye dzimwe nguva caustic soda inoshandiswawo.
9. zvimwe zvinhu zvebasa racho
1). Pane mabasa maviri e ceramic caustic soda mukugadzira ceramics. Chekutanga, caustic soda inoshandiswa semusanganiswa mukuita kwe ceramics. Chechipiri, pamusoro pe ceramics dzinopiswa pachakwenywa kana kuti dzinenge dzakaomarara. Chenesa ne caustic soda solution Pakupedzisira, ita kuti pamusoro pe ceramic pave panyoro.
2). Muindasitiri yemidziyo, inoshandiswa se acid neutralizer, decolorizer uye deodorizer. Indasitiri ye namatidza inoshandiswa se starch gelatizer uye neutralizer. Inogona kushandiswa se deobling agent, decolorizing agent uye deodorizing agent ye citrus, peach, nezvimwewo.
Nguva yekutumira: Kukadzi-16-2023